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Possible Existence of Superluminal Photons Inside Microtubules and the Resulting Explanation for Brain Mechanism

Received: 19 July 2015     Accepted: 29 July 2015     Published: 11 August 2015
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Abstract

D.Georgiev presented an idea that consciousness could be the result of quantum computation via short laser-like pulses controlling quantum gates within the brain cortex. However, he later rejected this theory because the wavelength of super radiant photon emission in the infrared spectrum is two orders of magnitude longer than the size of any microtubule cavity. To revive this idea of quantum computation within the brain, the authors propose that the substance within a microtubule cylinder has the characteristics of a metamaterial composed of sub-wavelength structures. Using this hypothesis, we can propose the mechanism for human brain based on superluminal photons

Published in American Journal of Optics and Photonics (Volume 3, Issue 5)
DOI 10.11648/j.ajop.20150305.11
Page(s) 54-57
Creative Commons

This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.

Copyright

Copyright © The Author(s), 2015. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Superluminal Photons, Metamaterial, Microtubule, Quantum Computation

References
[1] Hameroff S., Tuszynski J., 2004. Quantum states in proteins and protein assemblies: The essence of life?, SPIE Conference, Grand Canary island.
[2] Georgiev D.D., 2002. Bose-Einstein condensation of tunneling photons in the brain cortex as a mechanism of conscious action, http://cogprint.org/3539/01/tunneling.pdf
[3] Georgiev D., 2004. Quantum computation in the neural microtubles: quantum gates, ordered water and superradiance,arXiv:quant-ph10211080v2.
[4] Smith T., 2003, Quantum consciousness. Water, Light Speed, and Microtubles. http://innerx.net/personal/tsmith/QuanCon2.html.
[5] Caliguiri, L.M., Musha.T,, 2014. Quantum Vacuum Dynamics, Coherence, Superluminal Photons and Hypercomputation in Brain Microtubles, 1st International Conference on Theoretical and Applied Physics (TAP2014), Nov.28-30, 2014, Athens, Greece, 1-11.
[6] Caligiuri L.M., 2015. Zero-Point Field, QED Coherence, Living Systems and Biophotons emission, Open Journal of Biophysics. DOI: 10.4236/ojbiphy.2015.51002.
[7] Satinover J., 2001. The Quantum Brain; The Search for Freedom and the Next Generation of Man, John Wiley & Sons, Inc.,New York.
[8] Mavromatos N., Nanopoulos D., 1998. Quantum Mechanics in Cell Microtubles: Wild Imagination or Realistic Possibility?, http://www.theory.caltec.edu/~carlosm/publ/anyonAMStalk.pdf.
[9] Mendhe S.E, Icosta Y.R., 2011. Metamaterial Properties and Applications, International Journal of Information Technology and Knowledge Management, Vol.4, No.1, 85-89.
[10] Engheta N., Ziolkowski R.W., 2006. Metamaterial: Physics and Engineering Explorations (Google eBook), John Wiley & Sons, New York.
[11] Engheta N., Ziolkowski R.W., 2006. Electromagnetic Metamaterial: Physics and Engineering Explorations, Wiley-IEEE Press.
[12] Pendry J.B., Schurig D., Smith D.R.,2006. Controlling Electromagnetic Fields, Science 312(5514), 1780-1782.
[13] Baena, J.D., Jelinek L., Marques R and Medina F., 2005. Near-perfect tunneling and amplification of evanescent electromagnetic waves in a waveguide filled by a metamaterial: Theory and experiments, Physical Review B.72 075116-1-8.
[14] Musha T., 2005. Superluminal Effect for Quantum Computation that Utilizes Tunneling Photons, Physics Essays, Vol.18, No.4, 525-529.
[15] Ziolkowski R.W., 2001. Superluminal transmission of information through an electromagnetic matamaterial, Physics Review E, Vol.63, 046604-1-13.
[16] Musha T., 2009. Possibility of high performance quantum computation by superluminal evanescent photons in living systems, BioSystems, 96, 242-245.
[17] Musha, T., 2012. Holographic View of the Brain Memory Mechanism Based on Evanescent Superluminal Photons, Information 3,344-350.
[18] Musha T., 2013. Superluminal Particles and Hypercomputation, Lambert Academic Publishing, Saarbrucken, Germany.
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  • APA Style

    Takaaki Musha, Luigi Maxmilian Caligiuri. (2015). Possible Existence of Superluminal Photons Inside Microtubules and the Resulting Explanation for Brain Mechanism. American Journal of Optics and Photonics, 3(5), 54-57. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajop.20150305.11

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    ACS Style

    Takaaki Musha; Luigi Maxmilian Caligiuri. Possible Existence of Superluminal Photons Inside Microtubules and the Resulting Explanation for Brain Mechanism. Am. J. Opt. Photonics 2015, 3(5), 54-57. doi: 10.11648/j.ajop.20150305.11

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    AMA Style

    Takaaki Musha, Luigi Maxmilian Caligiuri. Possible Existence of Superluminal Photons Inside Microtubules and the Resulting Explanation for Brain Mechanism. Am J Opt Photonics. 2015;3(5):54-57. doi: 10.11648/j.ajop.20150305.11

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  • @article{10.11648/j.ajop.20150305.11,
      author = {Takaaki Musha and Luigi Maxmilian Caligiuri},
      title = {Possible Existence of Superluminal Photons Inside Microtubules and the Resulting Explanation for Brain Mechanism},
      journal = {American Journal of Optics and Photonics},
      volume = {3},
      number = {5},
      pages = {54-57},
      doi = {10.11648/j.ajop.20150305.11},
      url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajop.20150305.11},
      eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ajop.20150305.11},
      abstract = {D.Georgiev presented an idea that consciousness could be the result of quantum computation via short laser-like pulses controlling quantum gates within the brain cortex. However, he later rejected this theory because the wavelength of super radiant photon emission in the infrared spectrum is two orders of magnitude longer than the size of any microtubule cavity. To revive this idea of quantum computation within the brain, the authors propose that the substance within a microtubule cylinder has the characteristics of a metamaterial composed of sub-wavelength structures. Using this hypothesis, we can propose the mechanism for human brain based on superluminal photons},
     year = {2015}
    }
    

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    AB  - D.Georgiev presented an idea that consciousness could be the result of quantum computation via short laser-like pulses controlling quantum gates within the brain cortex. However, he later rejected this theory because the wavelength of super radiant photon emission in the infrared spectrum is two orders of magnitude longer than the size of any microtubule cavity. To revive this idea of quantum computation within the brain, the authors propose that the substance within a microtubule cylinder has the characteristics of a metamaterial composed of sub-wavelength structures. Using this hypothesis, we can propose the mechanism for human brain based on superluminal photons
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Author Information
  • Advanced Science-Technology Research Organization, Yokohama, Japan

  • Foundation of Physics Research Center (FoPRC), Via Resistenza, Celico (CS), Italy

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